Automotive Industry

Automotive manufacturing and refinish workforces are exposed to isocyanate coatings (HDI in 2-pack systems, MDI/TDI in adhesives and foams), solvents in cleaning and paint, and metals in welding and surface preparation.

Spray booth operators

Automotive refinish booths use HDI-based 2-pack clearcoats almost universally. Urinary HDA is the corresponding diamine biomarker. MVR body shops typically run 6-monthly biomonitoring on every sprayer, paired with supplied-air RPE fit testing and booth LEV inspection.

Trim, sealing and adhesive operations

MDI-based structural adhesives are common in modern body assembly. Urinary MDA verifies exposure. Solvent metabolites (methylhippuric acids, mandelic acid) are monitored where xylene/styrene carriers are used.

Welding and assembly

MIG/MAG welding of galvanised and stainless steel produces Cr/Ni exposure; urinary Cr and Ni biomonitoring follows the standard end-of-shift end-of-week protocol.